What is the term for the global area characterized by calm winds?

The term that refers to the global area characterized by calm winds is known as the Doldrums. This region is situated near the equator, where the trade winds from both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres converge. The significant warming of the air in this area leads to rising air and typically results in very little horizontal wind movement, creating conditions of low pressure and prolonged periods of calm.

The Doldrums are also associated with high humidity and frequent thunderstorms, as the warm air rises and cools, leading to condensation and precipitation. This phenomenon can cause issues for sailors and airplanes, as the lack of wind can significantly hinder travel.

The other terms listed refer to different wind patterns: Trade Winds blow from the east towards the equator, Prevailing Westerlies are located between 30° and 60° latitude and generally move from west to east, and Polar Easterlies are cold winds that flow from the polar regions towards the mid-latitudes. Each of these wind systems has distinct characteristics and locations, but none represent the calm conditions described by the Doldrums.