What physical principle is represented by the formula f = ma?

The formula f = ma is a direct representation of Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplied by its acceleration. In this context, force is the resultant effect of the interaction that causes an object to accelerate, considering its mass.

This relationship shows how a given force will produce a certain acceleration, depending on the mass of the object being acted upon. If either the force or mass changes, the acceleration will also change, illustrating the interdependence of these three fundamental concepts in physics. Thus, the formula directly defines force, making it fundamental in the study of dynamics and mechanics.