Which invention was significant for festive and military purposes in ancient China?

The significance of gunpowder in ancient China for festive and military purposes cannot be overstated. Gunpowder, invented during the Tang dynasty, revolutionized warfare by providing a new explosive that was used in various weaponry, including bombs and cannons, significantly enhancing the effectiveness of military strategies.

Beyond its military applications, gunpowder also played a crucial role in the celebration of festivals. It is famously associated with fireworks, which were developed from early explosives. The colorful displays of fireworks became a popular form of entertainment, particularly during celebrations like Chinese New Year, symbolizing joy and warding off evil spirits.

Gunpowder's dual purpose — in both conflict and celebration — illustrates its profound impact on Chinese culture and history, solidifying its importance in ancient society. While other inventions listed may have their own significance, none match the broad and deep cultural and practical implications of gunpowder in both festive and military contexts.